Dispositivo todo-fibra para el filtrado óptico

Mediante la concatenación de varios estrechamientos, realizados sobre una misma fibra, es posible implementar un filtro paso banda

Evaluation of Existing Methods for High-Order Epistasis Detection

[Abstract] Finding epistatic interactions among loci when expressing a phenotype is a widely employed strategy to understand the genetic architecture of complex traits in GWAS. The abundance of methods dedicated to the same purpose, however, makes it increasingly difficult for scientists to decide which method is more suitable for their studies. This work compares the different epistasis detection methods published during the last decade in terms of runtime, detection power and type I error rate, with a special emphasis on high-order interactions. Results show that in terms of detection power, the only methods that perform well across all experiments are the exhaustive methods, although their computational cost may be prohibitive in large-scale studies. Regarding non-exhaustive methods, not one could consistently find epistasis interactions when marginal effects are absent. If marginal effects are present, there are methods that perform well for high-order interactions, such as BADTrees, FDHE-IW, SingleMI or SNPHarvester. As for false-positive control, only SNPHarvester, FDHE-IW and DCHE show good results. The study concludes that there is no single epistasis detection method to recommend in all scenarios. Authors should prioritize exhaustive methods when sufficient computational resources are available considering the data set size, and resort to non-exhaustive methods when the analysis time is prohibitive.10.13039/501100010801-Xunta de Galicia (Grant Number: ED431C2016-037, ED431C2017/04 and ED431G2019/01) 10.13039/501100003176-Ministerio de Educacion Cultura y Deporte (Grant Number: FPU16/01333) 10.13039/501100003329-Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Grant Number: CGL2016-75482-P, PID2019-104184RB-I00, AEI/FEDER/EU, 10.13039/50110 and TIN2016-75845-P)Xunta de Galicia; ED431C2016-037Xunta de Galicia; ED431G2019/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2017/0

Toxo: A Library for Calculating Penetrance Tables of High-Order Epistasis Models

[Abstract] Background Epistasis is defined as the interaction between different genes when expressing a specific phenotype. The most common way to characterize an epistatic relationship is using a penetrance table, which contains the probability of expressing the phenotype under study given a particular allele combination. Available simulators can only create penetrance tables for well-known epistasis models involving a small number of genes and under a large number of limitations. Results Toxo is a MATLAB library designed to calculate penetrance tables of epistasis models of any interaction order which resemble real data more closely. The user specifies the desired heritability (or prevalence) and the program maximizes the table’s prevalence (or heritability) according to the input epistatic model boundaries. Conclusions Toxo extends the capabilities of existing simulators that define epistasis using penetrance tables. These tables can be directly used as input for software simulators such as GAMETES so that they are able to generate data samples with larger interactions and more realistic prevalences/heritabilities.This research was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (CGL2016-75482-P), the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain and FEDER funds of the EU (TIN2016-75845-P), the Xunta de Galicia (Grupo de Referencia Competitiva, ED431C2016-037), the Xunta de Galicia and FEDER funds of the EU (Centro de Investigación de Galicia accreditation 2019-2022, ref. ED431G2019/01), Consolidation Program of Competitive Research (ED431C 2017/04) and the FPU Program of the Ministry of Education of Spain (FPU16/01333)Xunta de Galicia; ED431C2016-037Xunta de Galicia; ED431G2019/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2017/0

Leishmania donovani: thionins, plant antimicrobial peptides with leishmanicidal activity

The leishmanicidal activity of plant antibiotic peptides (PAPs) from the principal families, such wheat thionins, a barley lipid transfer protein and potato defensins and snakins were tested in vitro against Leishmania donovani. Only thionins and defensins were active against this human pathogen at a low micromolar range of concentrations. Thionins resulted as the most active peptides tested until now. They collapsed ionic and pH gradients across the parasite plasma membrane together with a rapid depletion of intracellular ATP without affecting mitochondrial potential. Hence the lethal effect of thionins was mostly associated to permeabilization of the plasma membrane leading to an immediate death of the parasite. The present work is the first evidence for leishmanicidal activity in plant peptides. Future prospects for their development as new antiparasite agents on human diseases are considere

Integración de Puentes Térmicos en Programas de Simulación Dinámica de Edificios mediante el Método del Muro Equivalente

Libro de actas completo disponible en :http://repositorio.bib.upct.es:8080/dspace/handle/10317/4709Los puentes térmicos son zonas de la envolvente de un edificio en las que se produce una transmisión preferencial de calor cuya causa es una heterogeneidad geométrica o material. Los programas más utilizados de simulación energética de edificios, como DOE-2 [1] o EnergyPlus [2], se basan en una hipótesis unidimensional para modelar la transmisión de calor en los cerramientos. No obstante, evaluar la transferencia de calor en los puentes térmicos implica resolver un problema de conducción bi- o tridimensional en régimen transitorio. Es posible utilizar herramientas especializadas como Voltra [3] o HEAT2 [4], pero no son generalmente aplicables a simulaciones estacionales, debido a su alto coste computacional. Se hace necesario un paso intermedio que conecte las simulaciones globales de edificios con los modelos detallados de puentes térmicos. Una de las aproximaciones más prácticas es la del “muro equivalente”, que consiste en identificar los parámetros de un muro multicapa ficticio, de forma que su respuesta dinámica sea muy próxima a la del elemento real, que tiene efectos 2D o 3D. Esta identificación de parámetros se puede llevar a cabo mediante diversos métodos. En este trabajo se aplica el método de identificación propuesto por Kosny [5] para obtener muros equivalentes que representen los tipos más usuales de puentes térmicos presentes en la construcción residencial española.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Exploring the ring-closing metathesis for the construction of the solomonamide macrocyclic core: identification of bioactive precursors

New synthetic strategies directed toward the novel cyclopeptides solomonamides have been explored utilizing an olefin metathesis as the key reaction. In the various strategies investigated, we worked on minimally oxidized systems, and the olefin metathesis reaction demonstrated efficiency and validity for the construction of the macrocyclic core. The described synthetic strategies toward the solomonamides are well suited for the subsequent access to the natural products and represent flexible and diversityoriented routes that allow for the generation of a variety of analogues via oxidative transformations. In addition, preliminary biological evaluations of the generated solomonamide precursors revealed antitumor activity against various tumor cell lines.This work was financially supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) (ref BIO2014-56092-R, CTQ2014-60223-R and CTQ2016-76311-R) and Junta de Andalucía and “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER” (P12 CTS-1507). I.C.-S. thanks Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte for a predoctoral fellowship (FPU programme)

Spectral behavior of a low-cost all-fiber component based on untapered multifiber unions

Untapered multifiber unions are reported to show a spectral behavior similar to the tapered ones. Their oscillatory behavior does not depend on the biconical regions. This suggests a novel way to make low-cost all-fiber devices with applications as passive components such as optical filters and wavelength multiplexers/demultiplexers. Two types of multimode fibers have been studied and information about the index profile influence has been obtained. Polarization insensitivity and temperature stability have been observed

Spectral behavior of a low-cost all-fiber component based on untapered multifiber unions

Untapered multifiber unions are reported to show a spectral behavior similar to the tapered ones. Their oscillatory behavior does not depend on the biconical regions. This suggests a novel way to make low-cost all-fiber devices with applications as passive components such as optical filters and wavelength multiplexers/demultiplexers. Two types of multimode fibers have been studied and information about the index profile influence has been obtained. Polarization insensitivity and temperature stability have been observed

Engineering plants against pathogens: A general strategy

A general strategy to identify defense proteins and genes and to use them in transgenic plants to engineer enhanced resistance against pathogens is illustrated with specific experimental examples. A combinatorial model for the expression of defense genes in response to different pathogens is discussed